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Table 1 Process primary energy intensity for Chinese key steel enterprises (kgce/tonne)

From: Quantify the energy and environmental benefits of implementing energy-efficiency measures in China’s iron and steel production

 

Sintering

Pelleting

Coking

Iron-making

BOF

EAF

Rolling

Integrated energy consumption

The average primary energy intensity of key steel enterprises by process (kgce per tonne of product)

2004

66.4

42.0

142.2

466.2

26.6

209.9

92.9

761.0

2007

55.2

30.1

121.7

426.8

6.0

81.3

63.1

628.0

2010

52.7

29.4

105.9

407.8

−0.2

74.0

61.7

604.6

2013

49.1

28.3

100.5

398.1

−7.7

60.8

59.5

592.0

Lowest primary energy intensity of key steel enterprises by process (kgce per tonne of product)

2004

52.1

19.2

88.1

395.4

−3.8

146.3

53.7

-

2007

38.0

18.2

82.8

377.9

−16.1

46.7

28.2

-

2010

43.1

17.6

63.6

343.2

−13.3

27.5

25.9

-

2013

35.4

14.5

59.2

320.0

−23.6

21.9

32.3

-

Highest primary energy intensity of key steel enterprises by process (kgce per tonne of product)

2004

108.6

83.3

229.2

591.8

75.2

325.5

286.9

-

2007

85.3

51.3

434.6

569.3

38.0

171.6

220.7

-

2010

66.8

45.5

188.3

502.8

29.1

221.33

255.7

-

2013

56.8

44.9

154.6

474.0

14.9

176.6

209.5

-

  1. Note: Negative value means this process can produce additional energy, such as converter gas